Sulfur Oxides Poisoning

Sulfur oxides are all around us. Some of them are naturally occurring (for instance in volcanic eruptions), and relatively harmless; some, however, can be man-made as a byproduct of industrial processing, and are extremely toxic.

Chemical Properties

Sulfur oxides can be any of several compounds formed by sulfur and oxygen. The most common are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3). Sulfur dioxide is a very poisonous gas that can occur both naturally or anthropogenically; it is colorless and smells like a match that has just been struck. Sulfur trioxide is also highly poisonous, highly reactive and very corrosive.

Uses

Sulfur dioxide can be used for several things:

  • aid in the preparation of sulfuric acid and sulfites
  • refrigerant,
  • disinfectant
  • food preservative
  • as a bleach for various items (flour, grains, fruit, textile fibers, gelatin etc.)

Toxicity

Sulfur dioxide is a common pollutant in most civilized countries, from industrial processing plants (coal, oil, cement, metal, wood, copper, electric power plants etc.). It can cause various serious health problems, especially with long-term exposure, exposure to critical levels, exposure in children or in people with preexisting heart and lung conditions:

  • temporary respiratory problems
  • chronic bronchitis
  • emphysema
  • decreased fertility
  • coughing
  • stomach pain
  • menstrual disorders
  • nausea
  • inhibition of thyroid function
  • headache
  • convulsions
  • dizziness